Sleep and Modeled Performance of Arctic Patrollers during Operation Nunalivut 2010

Sleep and Modeled Performance of Arctic Patrollers during Operation Nunalivut 2010


http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA557356&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf


DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)

DRDC TM 2011-037
July 2011
Paul, Michel A ; Bouak, Fethi


The goal of this work was to monitor sleep (via wrist actigraphs) in Arctic Patrollers and generate cognitive effectiveness models for each patroller using a program called Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool (FASTTM). Actigraphic data were collected from 23 Arctic patrollers of whom 3 were Inuit Rangers (who ranged from 25 to 62 years of age), from one ranger instructor (48 years of age) and from 19 troops who were freshly deployed from various regions across southern Canada (who ranged from 21 to 54 years of age). The patrols ranged from 5 to 14 days in duration. Sleep data were recorded for several days at Canadian Forces Station Alert prior to departing on patrol and throughout the patrols. The following sleep parameters (primary sleep period minutes, total daily sleep minutes, number of daily naps, daily nap minutes, sleep latency in minutes, number of sleep episodes in the primary sleep period, and WASO (Wake After Sleep Onset) in minutes) were recorded and graphed for each day as well as averaged over 16 days. Total daily sleep minutes along with daily work periods were inputted to FASTTM to generate models of cognitive effectiveness for each of the 23 Arctic patrollers. Results and Discussion: Inuit Rangers obtained more sleep in their primary sleep periods, have fewer sleep episodes and have less wake time within their primary sleep periods than their freshly deployed counterparts. On several days the FASTTM models for 2 of the 3 Inuit Rangers predicted levels of performance equivalent to a blood alcohol content of 0.05%.







*MILITARY FORCES(FOREIGN), *SLEEP, ARCTIC REGIONS, CANADA, COGNITION, DAILY OCCURRENCE, FATIGUE(PHYSIOLOGY), PATROLLING, PERCEPTION(PSYCHOLOGY), SCHEDULING

Evaluation of a Fatigue Countermeasures Training Program for Flight Attendants

Evaluation of a Fatigue Countermeasures Training Program for Flight Attendants


http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA554190&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf


FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST

Hauck, Erica L ; Avers, Katrina B ; Banks, Joy O ; Blackwell, Lauren V

DOT/FAA/AM 11/18
November 2011




There is a growing population of employees that work non-traditional hours in around-the-clock operations. Cabin crew/flight attendants are part of this population and work highly variable schedules that include extended duty days, time zone changes, night schedules, and on-demand calls. These schedules conflict with the body's natural mechanisms for managing sleep and alertness, and often result in fatigue. Fatigue countermeasure training may be necessary for the health, well-being, and safety of workers. The current research evaluated a comprehensive fatigue countermeasure training program for flight attendants using a theoretically grounded taxonomy of training criteria. Alternative evaluation strategies were also utilized to improve traditional pretest-posttest designs and provide convergent evidence of training effectiveness.




*FATIGUE(PHYSIOLOGY), *FLIGHT CREWS, CONFLICT, CONVERGENCE, COUNTERMEASURES, EDUCATION, HEALTH, JOBS, TRAINING

General Recommendations on Fatigue Risk Management for the Canadian Forces

General Recommendations on Fatigue Risk Management for the Canadian Forces

http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA557295&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf


DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA
DRDC TR 2010-056
April 2010
Cheung, Bob ; Vartanian, Oshin ; Hofer, Kevin ; Bouak, Fethi


A recent Advisory Publication (ADV PUB Number ASMG 6000, 7 Jan 2010) on Fatigue Countermeasures in Sustained and Continuous Operations recommended that all Air and Space Interoperability Council (ASIC) nations should have national policies regarding fatigue management. Currently, there is no existing doctrine and training program for fatigue risk management available in the Canadian forces (CF). The focus of this document is on the management of sleep hygiene and circadian entrainment, rather than physical, muscle fatigue, or fatigue at the cellular level. Recommendations for fatigue management are based on best practices derived from the latest scientific findings and the collation of appropriate common policies from other military forces that will enable aircrew to perform at their best. It includes a series of summaries that address what is and what is not known regarding the efficacy, implementation and limitation associated with fatigue countermeasures commonly employed. A stratified approach is adopted to ensure that promotion of sleep is the first priority under routine fatigue management, followed by generally approved pharmacological intervention. Employment of those prescription medications permitted by CF policies will be suggested only as a last resort. This document is written primarily for the Air Force; however, the general recommendations to fatigue risk management also apply to the Navy and the Army as they, too, experience sleep loss due to changing time zones and changing operational schedules. The intended key users for these recommendations include commanders, unit trainers, mission planners, medical officers, unit safety officers, and all personnel who support operations. They are well advised to familiarize themselves with the causes of fatigue and the various options in fatigue risk management. This guide is considered to be a living document. The material will be updated as new technological information and empirical scientific data emerge




 *CANADA, *FATIGUE(PHYSIOLOGY), *MILITARY FORCES(FOREIGN), *MILITARY PERSONNEL, *RISK MANAGEMENT, ADVISORY ACTIVITIES, CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS, CONTINUITY, COUNTERMEASURES, MEDICAL PERSONNEL, MEDICINE, MILITARY COMMANDERS, MISSIONS, OFFICER PERSONNEL, PHARMACOLOGY, POLICIES, SAFETY, SLEEP DEPRIVATION

Fatigue Solutions for Maintenance: From Science to Workplace Reality

Fatigue Solutions for Maintenance: From Science to Workplace Reality


http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA554196&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf

Avers, Katrina E ; Johnson, William B ; Banks, Joy O ; Nei, Darin ; Hensley, Elizabeth


DOT/FAA/AM 11/19
December 2011

Thirty delegates, mostly from the FAA's Aviation Safety (AVS) business unit, but also from U.S. industry and Transport Canada, assembled for a two-day workshop in Oklahoma City, OK. The workshop format combined key presentation topics, each followed by structured discussion. Following the discussion, the delegates generated a rank-order listing of the most important actions needed to reduce maintenance fatigue risk. Section 2.0 of this report elaborates on the top ten actions identified: 1. Enhance Employer and Worker Fatigue Awareness 2. Continue and Expand Fatigue Countermeasure Education 3. Support and Regulate Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS) 4. Quantify Safety and Operational Efficiency Impact of Fatigue 5. Regulate Hours of Service Limits 6. Establish Baseline Data of Fatigue Risk with Existing Event-Reporting Systems 7. Integrate Fatigue Awareness Into Safety Culture 8. Ensure That FRMS is Considered in Safety Management Systems (SMS) Program 9. Create and Implement Fatigue Assessment Tools 10. Improve Collaboration of FRMS Within and Across Organizations The workshop delegates felt that the FAA is addressing many of these challenges, but there is substantial opportunity to increase attention to each topic. Their consensus was to address the challenges not only with research and development but also with operational activity and possible future regulation.


AVIATION SAFETY, AWARENESS, CULTURE, EDUCATION, FATIGUE(PHYSIOLOGY), HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING, ORGANIZATIONS, RISK MANAGEMENT, WORKSHOPS

Prevalence of Neck and Back Pain amongst Aircrew at the Extremes of Anthropometric Measurements

 Prevalence of Neck and Back Pain amongst Aircrew at the Extremes of Anthropometric Measurements

http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA564323&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf

USAARL 2012-12

Walters, Patricia L ; Cox, James M ; Clayborne, Kareem ; Hathaway, Alyssa J


Back and neck pain are a significant cause of morbidity among helicopter aircrew. The majority of studies evaluating the influence of anthropometry are limited to body mass index and stature. Nine anthropometric parameters were measured and a survey was issued to 88 aviators. Weight and neck circumference distribution were skewed to the right and not representative of 98 percentile distributions. Helmet size did not correlate well with reported helmet size. Eighty-two percent of responses reported flying related back pain and the most common complaint was lack of back support in current aircraft configuration. Posture was cited as a contributory factor on 67 percent of all aircrew surveyed, but no one anthropometric measure predicted postural complaints. Aircrew with more flying hours were most likely to report severe back pain. Fifty-eight percent of aviators reported neck pain when flying and individuals with smaller sitting height, fewer flying hours, of heavier NVG counterbalance weight reported less neck pain.



ANTHROPOMETRY, *NECK(ANATOMY), *PAIN, AVIATION PERSONNEL, FLIGHT CREWS, HELICOPTERS, HELMETS, MORBIDITY, POSTURE(PHYSIOLOGY)